Plato’s Allegory of the Cave and the film “Pleasantville” share many similarities as they provide insight into enlightenment, knowledge, and individual perception of reality. The Allegory of the Cave comes from Plato’s book of philosophical fiction, The Republic.
Plato was a Greek philosopher who wrote most of his work in dialogues between his old teacher, Socrates and some of Socrates’ followers and critics. In the Republic, Socrates shares a story of people living in a cave with his follower Glaucon. The story is an allegory for human society and the pursuit of knowledge. The story describes chained prisoners who were placed in a cave from birth. The prisoners were chained in a way where they were only able to face the wall in front of them without being able to move their heads and limbs. A fire was placed on the opposite side of the cave with a raised walkway. Puppeteers would carry many objects and statues along the raised pathway, casting shadows on the wall the prisoners could see. As the prisoners only saw the shadows of the objects, the shapes were changed and appeared bizarre to the prisoners. The shadows were used to describe the prisoners’ reality, as they viewed the world through shadows or given information. A prisoner was then released from the cave and was dragged outside. At first, the freed prisoner was blinded by the light but soon became accustomed to his surroundings. As he was able to get used to the light, he began to perceive the actual reality of the world and was able to acknowledge the shadows as only being illusions. The realization and recognition experienced by the freed prisoner symbolize expanding knowledge and recognizing the truth.
The freed prisoner tries to tell his fellow prisoners in the cave about the outside world, but they are reluctant and believe he is crazy, unable to accept reality. The reluctant prisoners represent those unwilling to obtain new knowledge and truth as they consider their reality the world’s true reality. The film “Pleasantville” is a story of two teens, David and Jennifer, from the 1990s who were transported into a back-and-white television sitcom set in the 1950s called “Pleasantville.” The presence of the two teens disrupts the “perfect” world of Pleasantville as they challenge the town’s conservative values and beliefs, which leads to black-and-white objects and people being seen in color. The citizens of Pleasantville experience new knowledge and ideas, which lead them to undergo personal changes that question their previous traditional lives. The story shares the power of embracing change to explore one’s true nature in a “perfect” yet unresourceful world.
The Allegory of the Cave and “Pleasantville” explore parallel themes of enlightenment and knowledge. The metaphor of illusion and reality is evident in both stories. In Pleasantville, citizens live in a black-and-white world that lacks the knowledge and ideas of David and Jennifer, both citizens of the outside world.
In the Allegory of the Cave, Plato shows the difference by contrasting the people living outside the cave and the prisoners who were forced to look at the shadows cast by objects. The two mediums explore the journey of enlightenment from ignorance. The people in “Pleasantville” all undergo a transformation from realization and self-discovery when they question the reality of the world they are living in to find the truths of life. When the individuals in Bill Johnson’s soda shop ask Bud about the books’ storyline and David’s original home, they try to understand the truth that lies beyond their everyday lives. The Allegory of the Cave and “Pleasantville” both explore the concept of breaking social norms. In the Allegory of the Cave, the freed prisoner challenges the prisoners’ daily lives by expressing his finding of the outside world. The prisoners cannot accept the true reality of their world and believe the freed prisoner has lost his mind. The freed prisoner feels pity for the reluctant prisoners but continues to live truthfully. In “Pleasantville,” the citizens who appear in color challenge the beliefs of the citizens seen in black-and-white. The citizens of color accept knowledge and the truth, encouraging a shift in the understanding of reality within the population.
David was able to help his dad in “Pleasantville,” George, be seen in color when he could give words to the emotions he felt towards his wife, Betty. Lastly, in both texts, the symbolism of the light is evident. The light is used to express knowledge, truth, and enlightenment. The characters could move away from the darkness and into the light when they accepted the realities presented to them. The light or color demonstrates the perception of the true world in a new way. Plato’s Allegory of the Cave and “Pleasantville” show the importance of critical thinking, self-discovery, and the striving for knowledge.
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References:
–https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-vectors/enlightenment-art/16
–https://www.islamicity.org/19464/bringing-light-to-the-darkness/











